The Location Stack
Update: Jeffrey Hightower, for whom this was thesis work has graduated and moved on to Intel Research Seattle. The thread of this work continues in the Place Lab project.
The a six-layer Location Stack is a common vocabulary and a set of publicly-available services for building location-aware systems. The Location Stack performs multisensor fusion using a variety of novel Bayesian filtering and estimation techniques such as adaptive particle filtering. Applications can be built on top of the single probabilistic location interface. This whitepaper provides a more in depth discussion of the Location Stack.
Jeffrey Hightower, "From Position to Place," in Proceedings of The 2003 Workshop on Location-Aware Computing, Oct. 2003. (pdf, bib)
Lin Liao, Dieter Fox, Jeffrey Hightower, Henry Kautz, and Dirk Schulz, "Voronoi Tracking: Location Estimation using Sparse and Noisy Sensor Data," in Proceedings of the International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), IEEE/RSJ, 2003. (pdf, bib)
David Graumann, Walter Lara, Jeffrey Hightower, and Gaetano Borriello, "Real-world implementation of the Location Stack: The Universal Location Framework," in Proceedings of the 5th IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems & Applications (WMCSA 2003), Oct. 2003. (bib)
Dieter Fox, Jeffrey Hightower, Lin Liao, Dirk Schulz, and Gaetano Borriello, "Bayesian Filtering for Location Estimation," IEEE Pervasive Computing, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 24-33, IEEE Computer Society Press, July-September 2003. (pdf, bib)
Dirk Schulz, Dieter Fox, and Jeffrey Hightower, "People Tracking with Anonymous and ID-Sensors using Rao-Blackwellised Particle Filters," to appear in Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI), 2003. (pdf, bib)
Jeffrey Hightower, Barry Brumitt, and Gaetano Borriello, "The Location Stack: A Layered Model for Location in Ubiquitous Computing," in Proceedings of the 4th IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems & Applications (WMCSA 2002), (Callicoon, NY), pp. 22-28, June 2002. (pdf, bib)
Jeffrey Hightower and Gaetano Borriello, "Real-Time Error in Location Modeling for Ubiquitous Computing," in Location Modeling for Ubiquitous Computing - Ubicomp 2001 Workshop Proceedings, (Michael Beigel, Phil Gray, and Daniel Salber, eds.), (Atlanta, GA), pp. 21-27, Sep. 2001. (pdf, bib)
Jeffrey Hightower and Gaetano Borriello, "Location Systems for Ubiquitous Computing," Computer, vol. 34, no. 8, pp. 57-66, IEEE Computer Society Press, Aug. 2001. (pdf, bib)
Jeffrey Hightower and Gaetano Borriello, "A Survey and Taxonomy of Location Sensing Systems for Ubiquitous Computing," UW CSE 01-08-03, University of Washington, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Seattle, WA, Aug. 2001. (pdf, bib)